A key objective in the metallurgical treatment of any ore is the separation of ore minerals from gangue minerals within the rock.
2.
For oxide ores, a hydrometallurgical liberation process is normally undertaken, which uses the soluble nature of the ore minerals to the advantage of the metallurgical treatment plant.
3.
The first stage of any process within a metallurgical treatment circuit is accurate grinding or " comminution ", where the rock is crushed to produce small particles ( < 100 ?m ) consisting of individual mineral phases.